Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1 statistics

Norms

Comment

This test was created to for once do something completely different. I had always seen multiple-choice tests as inferior (and still do) so I made an extreme one. It had too low estimated g loading and too low reliability. Therefore I later combined it with another test of the same type into a larger test and removed or revised bad items. The result is the QMC #4, which is better than the earlier ones, though still the least satisfactory test I have made. The QMC tests have the lowest g loadings of all my tests (so the lowest validity; for an IQ test, validity is equal to g loading). I attribute this entirely to the multiple-choice format.

Scores (test can no longer be taken)

# testees: 100
Mean: 28.75
SD: 9.92
Male mean: 29.4
Female mean: 25.97 (19 persons)

3*
6*
8*
9**
11*
13***
15***
16*
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18*
19**
20*
21*
22****
23***
24*
25***
26*******
27****
28****
29***
30***
31******
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33*****
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36*****
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38*
39****
40***
41**
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44.5*
45**
46*
47*
48*

National averages

Correlation with other tests

Estimated g loading: 0.4

Correlation with personal details

Correlation with national IQs

.09 over 35 pairs.

Reliability and standard error of measurement

Rel = 0.83
SE = 3.8 raw score points

Scores by age

Additional statistics November 2011

The below statistics result from entering a number of old scores into the database that had previously been left out because they are from people from whom almost no data is known.

Scores on Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1

Contents type: Verbal.   Period: 2002-2002

• n: 186
• Median: 26.0
• Quartile deviation: 7.0
• Range: 45
• Maximum possible: 60
• Minimum possible: -60
• Male median: 27.5 (n = 130)
• Female median: 21.5 (n = 44)
• Hardness: 0.28
• Resolution: 0.39

Scores by males

n = 130

Scores by females

n = 44

Correlation of Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1 with other tests by Paul Cooijmans

Weighted average of correlations: 0.211

Conservatively estimated minimum g loading: 0.46

Ranking in above table is based on the unrounded correlations. All available data is present in this table, no tests are left out except for those with less than 5 score pairs. All known pairs are used to obtain the true, honest statistics; correlations have not been artificially inflated by leaving out ceiling scores, outliers or other anomalies.

Correlation of Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1 with tests by others

Weighted average of correlations: 0.132

Ranking in above table is based on the unrounded correlations. All available data is present in this table, no tests are left out except for those with less than 5 score pairs. All known pairs are used to obtain the true, honest statistics; correlations have not been artificially inflated by leaving out ceiling scores, outliers or other anomalies.

Please be aware that correlations with these external tests are in most cases affected (depressed, typically) by one or more of the following: 1) Little overlap with the object test because of the much lower ceilings and inherent ceiling effects of the tests used in regular psychology; 2) Candidates reporting scores selectively, for instance only the higher ones while withholding lower ones; 3) Candidates reporting, or having been reported by psychometricians, incorrect scores.

Estimated loadings of Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1 on particular item types

These are estimated g factor loadings, but against homogeneous tests containing only particular item types, as opposed to non-compound heterogeneous tests. Although tending to surprise the lay person, it is not uncommon for tests to have high loadings on item types they do not actually contain themselves. Such loadings reflect the empirical fact that most tests for mental abilities measure primarily g, regardless of their contents; that the major part of test score variance is caused by g, and only a minor part by factors germane to particular item types. It is of key importance to understand that this is a fact of nature, a natural phenomenon, and not something that was built into the tests by the test constructors.

There is no overlap between the categories in this table as a result of leaving out compound tests.

Balanced g loading = 0.34

National medians for Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1

For reasons of privacy, only countries with 2 or more candidates are included in this table. Ranking is based on the medians, and then alphabetic.

Correlation of Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1 with personal details

Correlation with national I.Q.s of Qoymans Multiple-Choice #1

Correlation of this test with national average I.Q.s published by Lynn and Vanhanen:

• r = 0.06 (n = 40)

Estimated g factor loadings Upward and Downward of specific scores

In parentheses the number of score pairs on which that estimated g factor loading is based. The Upward and Downward values are calculated including the pertinent score itself. It is normal that g factor loadings go down when the range is restricted, so some inevitable depression must be taken into account.

Reliability

• Split-half = 0.83
• Cronbach's alpha = 0.77

Error

• Standard error = 4.5 raw score points
• Quartile error = 3.1 raw score points
• Range of error = 21.1 raw score points

Scores by age

Scores by age - within females

Scores by age - within males

Scores by year taken

Robustness and overall test quality

• Robustness by chronological rank = 0.87
• Quality = 0.60

Item analysis

Item statistics are not published as that would help future candidates. To detect bad items, answers and comments from candidates are studied, as well as, for each problem, the correlation with total score and the proportion of candidates getting it wrong (hardness of the item). Possible bad items are removed or revised, resulting in a revised version of the test.