Statistics of Disorders in parents or siblings

© Paul Cooijmans

Introduction

For many years, candidates have been asked to report whether any psychiatric disorders occur among their parents or siblings. Below are the available statistics of that field, when "yes" is coded as 1 and "no" is coded as 0.

Scores on Disorders (parents and siblings) as of 27 March 2025

Contents type: Personal information, observation, or non-cognitive personality test score in numeric form.   

ScoreFrequency
0867
1280

Scores by males

n = 998

ScoreFrequency
0760
1238

Scores by females

n = 147

ScoreFrequency
0105
142

Correlation of Disorders (parents and siblings) with other mental ability tests

Test name n rp value
De Laatste Test40.930.11
Association and Analogies (German)40.870.13
Magma Test (Edward Vanhove)40.870.13
Stanford-Binet60.830.06
Omega Contemplative Items Pool (Tommy Smith)70.710.08
New York High I.Q. Society tests50.500.32
Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (I.Q.)50.500.32
A Relaxing Test (David Miller)170.440.08
The Gate60.430.34
Chimera High Ability Riddle Test (Bill Bultas)60.410.36
De Roskam50.400.42
Laaglandse Aanlegtest - Herziening 201690.390.27
Tests by Marc-André Nydegger (aggregate)60.350.42
Qoymans Automatic Test #2110.350.27
Gliaweb Recycled Intelligence Test70.330.42
Evens100.330.34
Qoymans Automatic Test #1110.260.40
Bonsai Test170.240.34
Numerical Insight Test130.240.40
G-test (Nikos Lygeros)90.240.50
Female Intelligence Test60.220.62
Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery - Armed Forces Qualification Test50.220.66
Divine Psychometry (Matthew Scillitani)130.200.48
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #2160.180.48
Letters210.170.44
California Test of Mental Maturity50.170.74
Drenth number series50.160.74
Dicing with death210.160.48
Queendom tests110.150.64
The LAW - Letters And Words190.150.52
Tests by Nicolas Elenas (aggregate)160.130.62
Tickle Tests (tickle.com)50.120.81
Verbal section of Test For Genius - Revision 2016620.110.40
Graduate Record Examination (prior to October 2001)110.100.76
Qoymans Automatic Test #3100.100.76
International High IQ Society tests (aggregate)560.100.46
Gliaweb Riddled Intelligence Test (old version)430.100.52
Test For Genius - Revision 2016630.070.54
Tests by Paul Laurent Miranda (aggregate)170.060.81
The Final Test - Revision 2013200.050.81
Sigma Test (Melão Hindemburg)240.040.84
Words220.030.90
Epiq Tests (aggregate)530.020.87
A Paranoiac's Torture: Intelligence Test Utilizing Diabolic Exactitude500.010.94
Genius Association Test1230.010.94
The Sargasso Test790.001.00
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #51210.001.00
The Smell Test120.001.00
Strict Logic Spatial Exam 48 (Jonathan Wai)33-0.000.97
Reason Behind Multiple-Choice - Revision 2008117-0.000.97
Psychometric Qrosswords26-0.010.97
Test For Genius - Revision 201034-0.010.94
De Laatste Test - Herziening 20197-0.020.97
Problems In Gentle Slopes of the second degree58-0.020.90
Space, Time, and Hyperspace - Revision 201687-0.020.87
Combined Numerical and Spatial sections of Test For Genius - Revision 201685-0.020.84
Reason - Revision 2008117-0.020.78
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales47-0.030.87
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 4118-0.030.76
Cartoons of Shock49-0.040.81
Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (I.Q.)39-0.040.81
Cooijmans Intelligence Test 579-0.050.68
The Test To End All Tests64-0.050.71
Associative LIMIT85-0.050.62
Hoeflin Power Test (Ronald K. Hoeflin)8-0.060.90
Verbal section of The Marathon Test47-0.060.71
Numerical section of Test For Genius - Revision 2010133-0.060.48
Association subtest of Long Test For Genius46-0.060.68
Strict Logic Sequences Exam I (Jonathan Wai)77-0.060.60
Reflections In Peroxide61-0.070.60
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales for Children12-0.070.81
American College Testing program (from October 1989 onward)11-0.080.78
Verbal section of Test For Genius - Revision 2004108-0.080.40
Narcissus' last stand36-0.080.62
Tests by James Dorsey (aggregate)10-0.090.78
Reason38-0.090.60
Odds21-0.090.68
Ultra Test (Ronald K. Hoeflin)11-0.100.76
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #3 (batch scored by Jonathan Wai)12-0.100.74
The Nemesis Test71-0.100.40
The Bonsai Test - Revision 201676-0.100.38
Tests by Greg Grove (aggregate)40-0.100.52
Gliaweb Riddled Intelligence Test - Revision 2011209-0.110.12
Isis Test91-0.110.28
Test of Inductive Reasoning / J.C.T.I. (Xavier Jouve)28-0.110.54
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #4148-0.120.16
Random Feickery (Brandon Feick)11-0.120.71
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #3 (batch scored by Paul Cooijmans)74-0.120.32
Tests by Brendan Harris (aggregate)6-0.120.78
Analogies of Long Test For Genius41-0.120.44
Cattell Culture Fair35-0.130.46
Combined Numerical and Spatial sections of Test For Genius - Revision 201054-0.130.36
Psychometrically Activated Grids Acerbate Neuroticism17-0.140.57
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 3205-0.140.05
Tests by Ivan Ivec (aggregate)35-0.140.40
Long Test For Genius35-0.150.38
Culture Fair Numerical Spatial Examination - Final version (Etienne Forsström)56-0.150.26
Daedalus Test42-0.160.32
The Marathon Test43-0.160.28
Analogies #18-0.170.66
Problems In Gentle Slopes of the third degree68-0.170.16
The Piper's Test26-0.170.38
Only idiots16-0.170.50
Labyrinthine LIMIT32-0.170.34
Spatial section of The Marathon Test71-0.170.14
Test of the Beheaded Man62-0.170.17
The Alchemist Test (Anas El Husseini)42-0.180.26
Problems In Gentle Slopes of the first degree25-0.180.38
Strict Logic Sequences Exam II (Jonathan Wai)22-0.180.40
Titan Test (Ronald K. Hoeflin)21-0.190.40
Miscellaneous tests225-0.190.005
Space, Time, and Hyperspace65-0.200.12
The Hammer Of Test-Hungry - Revision 201318-0.200.42
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 262-0.200.12
Tests by Jason Betts (aggregate)27-0.200.30
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 118-0.210.38
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #116-0.220.40
Lieshout International Mesospheric Intelligence Test120-0.220.02
Numbers53-0.230.10
The Blue Test (Andres Gomez Emilsson)11-0.230.46
Scholastic Aptitude Test (new)12-0.230.44
Logima Strictica 36 (Robert Lato)52-0.230.10
Tests by Arne Andre Gangvik (aggregate)5-0.240.62
Test For Genius - Revision 200476-0.240.04
Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (raw)26-0.250.20
European I.Q. Test9-0.260.46
Numerical section of The Marathon Test73-0.260.03
Cooijmans On-Line Test - Two-barrelled version37-0.260.12
Tests by Xavier Jouve, other than those listed separately (aggregate)19-0.260.26
Numerical and spatial sections of The Marathon Test70-0.270.03
W-87 (International Society for Philosophical Enquiry)8-0.270.46
Spatial Insight Test24-0.270.19
Cattell Verbal (also known as Cattell B)9-0.270.44
Test of Shock and Awe18-0.280.26
Spatial section of Test For Genius - Revision 2004124-0.280.002
The Final Test67-0.290.02
Mega Test (Ronald K. Hoeflin)12-0.300.32
Tests by Nikolaos Soulios (aggregate)29-0.310.10
Non-Verbal Cognitive Performance Examination (Xavier Jouve)40-0.320.05
Advanced Intelligence Test (Randy Myers)13-0.350.22
American College Testing program (prior to October 1989)7-0.360.38
Association subtest of Long Test For Genius (Netherlandic)6-0.360.42
Cito-toets12-0.360.24
Cooijmans On-Line Test15-0.380.16
Reason Behind Multiple-Choice31-0.380.04
Logima Strictica 24 (Robert Lato)17-0.390.12
Short Test For Genius11-0.400.20
Analogies subtest of Long Test For Genius (Netherlandic)6-0.400.37
Gliaweb Raadselachtig Analogieproefwerk11-0.420.18
Scholastic Aptitude Test (old)18-0.420.08
Miller Analogies Test (before 2001; raw)7-0.440.28
916 Test (Laurent Dubois)24-0.460.03
Tests by Iakovos Koukas (aggregate)10-0.510.12
Tests by Theodosis Prousalis (aggregate)14-0.540.05
Kvociento (Bram van Kaathoven)6-0.560.22
Low Countries Aptitude Test7-0.560.17
F.N.A. (Xavier Jouve)4-0.560.34
Concep-T (Laurent Dubois)10-0.620.06
Tests by Mislav Predavec (aggregate)16-0.630.02
Long Test For Genius (Netherlandic)5-0.740.14
De Golfstroomtest - Herziening 20196-0.760.09
Three Sonnets (Heinrich Siemens)4-0.900.12

Weighted mean of correlations: -0.103 (N = 6042)

Estimated g factor loading: -0.32

Ranking in above table is based on the unrounded correlations. All available data is present in this table, no tests are left out except for those with less than 4 score pairs. All known pairs are used, including possible floor/ceiling scores or outliers.

Remark: Just like disorders in the candidates themselves, disorders in parents or siblings have a low negative g loading.

Correlation of Disorders (parents and siblings) with other tests - for females

Test name n rp value
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #3 (batch scored by Paul Cooijmans)80.390.30
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #550.180.71
Gliaweb Riddled Intelligence Test - Revision 2011170.150.54
Qoymans Multiple-Choice #4150.060.81
Genius Association Test6-0.070.87
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 24-0.080.90
Cattell Culture Fair4-0.110.84
Reason Behind Multiple-Choice - Revision 20085-0.190.71
Miscellaneous tests24-0.370.08
Numerical section of Test For Genius - Revision 20104-0.390.50
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 314-0.410.14
Reason - Revision 20085-0.430.38
Verbal section of Test For Genius - Revision 20044-0.600.30
Associative LIMIT4-0.630.27
Lieshout International Mesospheric Intelligence Test4-0.640.27
Cooijmans Intelligence Test - Form 47-0.660.10
The Final Test5-0.690.17
Test of the Beheaded Man4-0.800.17
Cartoons of Shock5-0.900.07
Culture Fair Numerical Spatial Examination - Final version (Etienne Forsström)4-0.930.11

Weighted mean of correlations: -0.269 (N = 148)

Estimated g factor loading among females: -0.52

Ranking in above table is based on the unrounded correlations. All available data is present in this table, no tests are left out except for those with less than 4 score pairs. All known pairs are used, including possible floor/ceiling scores or outliers.

Remark: As often, the g loading in females is larger (negative in this case) than the overall one. Since this is seen in I.Q. test statistical reports too, it may just be that high-range tests measure g better in females than in males, and may have nothing to do with the correlation between disorders and g as such.

Estimated loadings of Disorders (parents and siblings) on particular item types

These are estimated g factor loadings, but against homogeneous tests (containing only particular item types) as opposed to non-compound heterogeneous tests. Although tending to surprise the lay person, it is not uncommon for tests to have high loadings on item types they do not actually contain themselves. Such loadings reflect the empirical fact that most tests for mental abilities measure primarily g, regardless of their contents; that the major part of test score variance is caused by g, and only a minor part by factors germane to particular item types. It is of key importance to understand that this is a fact of nature, a natural phenomenon, and not something that was built into the tests by the test constructors.

Typeng loading of Disorders (parents and siblings) on that type
Verbal1110-0.22
Numerical385-0.32
Spatial606-0.44
Logical240-0.30
Heterogeneous1976-0.30

N = 4317

Compound tests have been left out of this table to avoid overlap.

Balanced g loading = -0.32

National means for Disorders (parents and siblings)

Country n mean score
Thailand30.7
Portugal50.6
New_Zealand60.5
Argentina70.4
Singapore50.4
Switzerland80.4
Australia220.4
United_States3190.4
Brazil120.3
Cuba30.3
Cyprus30.3
Norway160.3
Denmark130.3
Poland150.3
Greece270.3
United_Kingdom540.3
Czech_Republic40.3
Finland320.3
Canada340.2
Netherlands870.2
Sweden630.2
Belgium230.2
Austria150.2
Turkey150.2
Unknown50.2
India270.2
Hong_Kong60.2
Philippines60.2
Russia60.2
Germany800.2
Israel70.1
Bulgaria80.1
Mexico80.1
Romania80.1
Spain260.1
South_Africa90.1
France200.1
Italy220.1
Korea_South210.0
China250.0
Bosnia_and_Herzegovina30.0
Chile30.0
Iran50.0
Japan130.0
Malaysia30.0
Nigeria50.0
Serbia40.0
Slovenia40.0
Yugoslavia50.0

Total number of countries: 71

For reasons of privacy, only countries with 3 or more candidates are included in this table. Ranking is based on the unrounded means, and then alphabetic.

Correlation of Disorders (parents and siblings) with personal details

Personalia n rp value
Disorders (own)11470.40≈ 0
Gifted Adult's Inventory of Aspergerisms1040.300.002
PSIA Neurotic - Revision 20071000.250.01
PSIA True - Revision 20071000.230.02
PSIA Orderly - Revision 20071000.210.04
Observed behaviour1010.210.04
PSIA Cold - Revision 20071000.200.05
PSIA Aspergoid - Revision 20071000.190.06
PSIA Introverted - Revision 20071000.180.07
PSIA System factor - Revision 20071000.180.08
PSIA Ethics factor - Revision 20071000.150.12
Observed associative horizon400.150.36
PSIA Deviance factor - Revision 20071000.120.25
PSIA Extreme - Revision 20071000.060.54
Cooijmans Inventory of Neo-Marxist Attitudes580.060.66
PSIA Rare - Revision 20071000.050.62
PSIA Cruel - Revision 20071000.020.81
Year of birth11460.010.84
PSIA Just - Revision 2007100-0.001.00
Mother's educational level1094-0.010.78
PSIA Antisocial - Revision 2007100-0.020.84
Sex1147-0.040.24
Father's educational level1083-0.040.25
PSIA Rational - Revision 2007100-0.130.20
Educational level1146-0.140.000005

Remark: Correlations are generally considered significant when the p value is .05 or smaller, so one can see that the main positive correlate with disorders in parents and siblings is the candidate's own disorders. Other positive correlates are indicators of deviance and, surprisingly, also of truthfulness and orderliness. Educational level is the negative correlate.

Correlation with personal details of Disorders (parents and siblings) - within females

Personalia n rp value
Observed associative horizon50.610.22
PSIA Orderly - Revision 2007100.470.16
Disorders (own)1470.370.000008
PSIA Introverted - Revision 2007100.360.28
Observed behaviour100.330.32
PSIA System factor - Revision 2007100.330.32
PSIA Aspergoid - Revision 2007100.280.40
PSIA Cruel - Revision 2007100.230.48
PSIA Cold - Revision 2007100.220.50
PSIA True - Revision 2007100.210.52
PSIA Ethics factor - Revision 2007100.180.60
PSIA Rare - Revision 2007100.180.60
PSIA Just - Revision 2007100.100.76
PSIA Antisocial - Revision 2007100.070.84
Gifted Adult's Inventory of Aspergerisms100.020.94
Father's educational level1360.010.90
PSIA Deviance factor - Revision 200710-0.010.97
Mother's educational level135-0.060.50
Year of birth147-0.070.37
Educational level146-0.070.37
PSIA Neurotic - Revision 200710-0.160.62
PSIA Extreme - Revision 200710-0.300.37
PSIA Rational - Revision 200710-0.460.17

Correlation with personal details of Disorders (parents and siblings) - within males

Personalia n rp value
Disorders (own)9980.41≈ 0
Gifted Adult's Inventory of Aspergerisms940.300.003
PSIA Cold - Revision 2007900.300.005
PSIA System factor - Revision 2007900.280.009
PSIA Neurotic - Revision 2007900.260.01
PSIA Aspergoid - Revision 2007900.230.03
PSIA True - Revision 2007900.200.06
PSIA Orderly - Revision 2007900.190.07
PSIA Introverted - Revision 2007900.180.09
Observed behaviour910.170.10
PSIA Deviance factor - Revision 2007900.120.25
Observed associative horizon350.120.50
PSIA Just - Revision 2007900.110.28
PSIA Ethics factor - Revision 2007900.100.34
PSIA Cruel - Revision 2007900.080.44
PSIA Rare - Revision 2007900.070.50
PSIA Extreme - Revision 2007900.060.57
Cooijmans Inventory of Neo-Marxist Attitudes580.060.66
PSIA Antisocial - Revision 2007900.050.64
Year of birth9970.020.52
Mother's educational level957-0.000.92
Father's educational level945-0.040.19
PSIA Rational - Revision 200790-0.050.62
Educational level998-0.140.000006