Questionnaire for High Scorers - Statistical report

Paul Cooijmans 2004

Testees scoring at or above IQ 150 (SD=15) on my tests have been invited to take the QHS. Now 30 submissions have been received, and below are the conclusions and statistics.

Conclusions

The central conclusion is that IQ in the very high range has two significant correlates: educational level (positive) and deviance (negative). (Deviance is inclination towards psychiatric disorders.) This is interesting with regard to creativity and genius, which according to me result from the combination of high intelligence and deviance (and a third component, conscientiousness, which I will write about later). The negative correlation between IQ and deviance causes genius to be so rare as it is, it seems.

Other conclusions:

IQ in the very high range does not correlate with giftedness in parents or siblings, or with estimated IQs of parents and siblings. Heredity is apparently not an important factor in determining one's precise IQ in the high range. This is not a surprise, as past research by others has already shown that heredity is most prominent in the lower IQ ranges, and gets less important as you go higher.

High-range tests have validity, as shown by correlations with two real-life measures (education and deviance).

The GAIA questionnaire has validity, as shown by correlations with disorders in oneself and in family members.

Finally, I scanned the data specifically to answer the question: does having low-IQ parents and a high IQ oneself generally go at the expense of having a disorder? But no confirmation of that could be found; it appears to be possible with low-IQ parents to have a high IQ oneself without disorders.

Statistics

Sex

There are 4 females among the 30. There is no significant difference in educational level between the sexes. The average IQ of the females is about 5 points below that of the males. Considering the usual performance of females on high-range tests they are over-present in this group.

Education

Educational level is encoded so that 0 = no education, 1 = primary school, 2 = a few years secondary school, 3 = high school, 4 = bachelor, 5 = master, 6 = PhD.

The levels are:

n = 30
Mean: 4.2
SD: 1.09
Male mean: 4.2
Female mean: 4.5

2**
3*****
4***********
5********
6****

Educational level correlates .67 with IQ. This is a confirmation of the validity of the IQ tests in question (my tests), as IQ testing and educational achievement are traditionally linked, and the correlation between them has always been considered one of the indicators of test validity. It is remarkable that even within this high and narrow range of IQs the correlation is still as high as .67.

GAIA

This is one's score the Gifted Adult's Inventory of Aspergerisms. This indicates deviance and inclination towards psychiatric disorders. The scores:

n = 30
Mean: 16.4
SD: 11.2
Male mean: 15.9
Female mean: 19.8

2**
3*
4*
5*
8***
9***
10**
11*
13*
14*
15*
16*
17*
18*
21*
24***
29**
32*
34*
41*
43*

GAIA correlates -.51 with IQ, -.3 with education (not significant) and -.5 with the sum of IQ and education. This indicates the tendency for high-GAIA testees to score lower IQs, while there is not such a clear relation between GAIA and education. It shows as it were the difference between IQ and educational level; while those two correlate the aforementioned .67, IQ is clearly affected by deviance, but education is not or less.

GAIA correlates .41 with the presence of disorders in oneself, and.55 with the presence of disorders in family members. It correlates .57 with the sum of disorders in oneself and disorders in family members. These correlations indicate the validity of GAIA as a scale of inclination towards psychiatric disorders.

Disorders

This question is about the presence of psychiatric or neurological disorders or other types of chronic disease. 15 of the 30 testees indicate they have at least one such a disorder, and in 13 cases it concerns a psychiatric disorder.

The presence of disorders in oneself correlates .41 with the presence of such disorders in family members.

Gifted parents

3 have a gifted mother while 7 have a gifted father. 1 has two gifted parents. There is no significant correlation between own IQ and having gifted parents, neither for the mother (.24), the father (-.07), or combined (.08).

Estimated parental IQs

The estimated IQs of the mothers:

n = 29
Mean: 117.7
SD: 21.87
Male mean: 118.5
Female mean: 112.5

78*
90*
100****
105**
110*****
115***
120******
125**
130*
135*
150*
155*
199*

The estimated IQs of the fathers:

n = 29
Mean: 124.1
SD: 18.46
Male mean: 121.9
Female mean: 137.5

88*
90*
95*
100*
105*
110***
115****
120**
125*
130*
132*
133*
135****
140***
150**
155**

Interesting is an almost significant correlation of -.35 between number of siblings and sum of parental IQs. Apparently, more intelligent parents get fewer children.

The correlation between the sum of parental IQs and own IQ is -.04, so no significant correlation again (same for separate mother and father IQs).

Siblings

Number of siblings (brothers and sisters):

n = 30
Mean: 1.8
SD: 2.02
Male mean: 1.9
Female mean: 1.5

0*******
1********
2*********
3***
4*
6*
10*

Gifted siblings

Number of gifted siblings:

n = 25
Mean: 0.5
SD: 0.7
Male mean: 0.5
Female mean: 0.7

0****************
1******
2***

No significant correlation with own IQ, paternal IQ, GAIA etc.

Estimated sibling IQs

Estimated average IQs of siblings:

70*
100*
103*
105**
110***
114*
115**
120****
130*
135***
136*
140**
170*

No significant correlation with own IQ etc.

Disorders in family members

18 testees, among whom all 4 females, mention disorders in family members. Correlations have been mentioned earlier already.

Abnormalities around birth

14 mention abnormalities. No significant correlations.

Physical abnormalities

5 mention abnormalities. No significant correlations.

IQ

The IQs of the testees are below. For each testee, I used the IQ on that test taken that has the highest loading on the general factor in my tests.

n = 30
Mean: 150.8
SD: 10.51
Male mean: 151.4
Female mean: 146.8

137*
138***
142****
143***
147*
149*
150***
151*
152**
153****
155*
156*
162*
168*
171*
174*
177*

Correlations of IQ with other statistics:

Significant

Education .67
GAIA -.51
Disorders in self and family members combined -.46

Not significant

Giftedness in mother .24
Giftedness in father -.07
Giftedness in parents combined .08
Mother IQ .17
Father IQ -.27
Parental IQ combined -.04
Giftedness in siblings .15
Sibling IQ .05
Birth abnormalities -.28
Physical abnormalities -.13
Birth and physical abnormalities combined -.31

Questionnaire for High Scorers

© 2003-2004 Paul Cooijmans

This questionnaire is meant for testees who took one or more of my tests and scored at least at the 99.96th %ile. Its purpose is to look for possible causes of very high intelligence and possible relations with disorders or anomalies. Special attention is given to the question if very high intelligence might sometimes have other than hereditary causes.

The cut-off score given above should not be taken as a definition of "very high intelligence", but as a way of ensuring that information is gathered that is typical for high scorers. Especially if your score is far above the cut-off level given, you are asked to participate.

Although you are asked to provide your name, the information will be processed anonymously, and not revealed to anyone in any way in connection with your name.


Do not submit this questionnaire anymore, it has been replaced by another one.